V2EX scaling law

Scaling Law

释义 Definition

“scaling law” 指“尺度定律/标度律”:描述某个量如何随系统规模(如长度、体积、人口、参数量、数据量等)变化的规律关系,常见形式是幂律(power law),用于物理、生物、城市研究与机器学习等领域。(在不同学科中具体含义会略有侧重。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/skel l/

例句 Examples

As the city grows, some indicators follow a scaling law.
随着城市规模增长,一些指标会遵循尺度定律。

Recent studies suggest a scaling law between model size, data size, and performance, but the relationship may change under different training settings.
近期研究表明模型规模、数据规模与性能之间存在某种尺度定律,但在不同训练设定下这种关系可能会发生变化。

词源 Etymology

“scaling” 来自 “scale(尺度/规模)”,表示“随尺度变化”;“law(定律)”表示“规律/法则”。合起来就是“关于尺度变化的规律”。该术语在物理学的相似理论与临界现象研究中广泛使用,后来也被生物学(异速生长)与数据科学/机器学习借用来描述“规模效果”的经验或理论关系。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作 Literary Works

  • Geoffrey West, Scale: The Universal Laws of Life, Growth, and Death in Organisms, Cities, and Companies(讨论生物与城市中的多种 scaling laws)
  • J. D. Murray, Mathematical Biology(涉及生物尺度关系与相关定律/模型)
  • Jared Kaplan et al., “Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models”(论文,提出并系统化机器学习中的 scaling laws)
  • Eugene M. Izhikevich, Dynamical Systems in Neuroscience(包含与尺度、幂律/尺度关系相关的讨论)
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